Vincor International Analysis

Vincor International goal is to become one of the top five wine companies in the world in terms of earnings. In order to attain this goal they have implemented a corporate strategy that focuses on using their existing powerful position in market to help them developing sales, marketing, distribution capabilities on an international scale. The strategy also includes acquiring new wineries and wine brands in new emerging region in the wine market also called â€Å"New World regions†(Vincor, 2005) throughout the world. More precisely Vincor International strategy for growing the market shares involved the six following strategic actions: â€Å"(1) emphasizing the development, sales and marketing of wines in the fastest growing segments of the market, particularly the premium wine segments; (2) continuing to participate in the premium wine category through the development of premium brands that we own; (3) expanding the sales and distribution reach of our brands into regions which are supportive of New World wines; (4) continuing to complete acquisitions of premium branded wine companies in New World wine regions; (5) expanding the supply of premium grapes and, in particular, Canadian grapes to satisfy the growing demand for premium VQA wines; and (6) developing ice-wine into an international luxury product, capitalizing on the reputation of Inniskillin. † (Vincor, 2005) As for the â€Å"New world† (Vincor, 2005) expansions, Vincor strategic actions involve in growing in earnings are to improve operating income by acquiring new wineries and rationalizing and integrating the operations. This will also permits the expansion of the company’s product line and the expansion of the company’s currents brands by providing new distribution opportunities. Porter’s Five Forces Model Risk of Entry by potential competitors: Vincor International should not be overly threatened by the entry of potential competitors in their market. This is because the wine industry is a market with significantly high barriers of entry. In order to start a successful wine producing business a company needs significantly large capital investments. Given the complexity of the wine industry a strong knowledge is also needed in order to produce quality wine on par with competitors and understanding the market. Finally a new entrant will also be faced with a lengthy process in order to begin its business, licensing procedures and requirement are long and land and vineyard preparations make it for a prolonged initial production. Hence given these multiple obstacles the threat of new entrants for Vincor International is described as low. Intensity of rivalry among established firms: According to the Vincor International information form â€Å"the international wine industry is intensely competitive†. (Vincor International, 2005) This means that there is a lot of producers around the world that competes for shelf space and consumers taste. The rivalry is intense, the businesses in this market need to competitive on price, quality, brand recognition and/or distribution. The leading drivers in the wine industry that will be making the product stand out seem to be product quality. The Intensity of rivalry among established firms is described as high. Bargaining power of buyers: Vincor international have sales around the world and their principal buyers are consumers, wholesalers, government liquor boards and retail stores. When selling directly to consumers and retail stores the bargaining power lays with the buyer because there are so many wines to chose from. As for wholesales and government liquor board the bargaining power of buyer is even stronger because there are so few of them and there is a lot of wine to choose from. Hence, the bargaining power of buyers for Vincor International is very high and the company needs to find innovative ways and strategy to attract and keep its buyers. Bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers all depends on the main product of wine, hence the wine grapes. It’ll rely on the relationship of demand and supply and demand of those wine grapes for the season. For instance if the grapes or having a good season and there is an unlimited amount of quality grapes then the bargaining power will rely with the buyer, hence the bargaining power of suppliers will be low for this particular season. However if the weather is not cooperating during the growth and there is a limited amount of grapes available to the buyer than the bargaining power will lay with the supplier and will be assessed to high for that season. Therefore the bargaining power of suppliers can change from season to season depending on the availability of quality grapes. It is also important to point out the bargaining power of supplier will also vary with the kind of wine produce, one kind of grape needed for a particular kind of wine can be abundant but another type of grape needed for a different type can be scarce. A good knowledge of the industry and weather can help a wine producer better manage the uncertainty of the bargaining power of suppliers from season to season. Vincor as tried to minimize the bargaining power by having owning their own vineyard and wineries so they supply their own grapes however they still buy 35% of their needed grapes from suppliers. Threat of substitutes: In the wine industry, the companies are faced with a vast variety of substitute. Basically any alcohol beverages from beer to champagne are a threat of substitutes. Depending on consumers taste wine can lose costumer shares to any other drinks. When a consumer as no particular taste preference for wine and consumer will chose another form of alcoholic beverage, a cheaper form if they are a price driven. Hence the threat of substitutes is assessed to high in the wine industry. Impact of the Macro-environment on Vincor International Vincor International is greatly affected by its political and legal environment because they are producing and selling a controlled substance. Hence in order to produce and sell wine Vincor must follow rules and regulations implemented by the country they are doing business in. Those rules and regulations includes how they produce their product, the distribution channels they utilize, where they sale their product, who they sale their product to and many other restrictions they must obey to. Also since Vincor is an international company it is also affected by the export policy of their home country but also the import policy of the country where they are selling their product. Any changed in taxes, currency value and economic changes in any country where they do business in will likely affect their revenue stream and operations. Another force affecting this market would be the changing demographic. The consumers are growing older and new consumers enter the market, hence the wine industry is faced with a changing age demographic. Wine has seen a increased in popularity in the younger generation however they have different tastes and it is important for Vincor to keep track of these trends and to adapt to the change in tastes of the changing demographic in order to stay competitive. Technological forces also affects Vincor International because the quality of the product plays an important role in their competitive advantage. Therefore they always have to keep up to date on new technology that would improve their wine quality. Technology can also help respond other changes in the outside environment, as we will see in the impact of social forces. Therefore the technological changes and new innovation must be taken into serious consideration to stay competitive. The social force that would most affect the wine industry including Vincor International would have to be one of the biggest social movements of the last decade, which is the shift towards a healthy lifestyle. (Hill, 2007) Health consciousness is not a positive thing for the wine industry because alcohol is perceived to be armful to your health. This is why it is important for Vincor to have a strategy to respond to this threat. Many companies in this industry have taken several approach to respond to this health trend and redefined competition. Strategies have been ranging from funding research to demonstrate the health benefits that comes from consuming wine to producing organic wine and even going as far as developing new wine production processes that aims at lowering the alcohol level in wine and calling it the â€Å"healthy wine†. (Sperling, 2010) On the national level the wine industry including Vincor International will be influence by the macroeconomic forces influencing Canada. The industries will most likely be affected by the growth rate of the economy and currency exchange. Since Canada has a currently good economy and the dollar is going strong Vincor is most likely experience an expansion of customer expenditures leading to less competitive pressure because Canadian customer are not currently struggling financially they are more likely to spend money on non essential items like wine. However the raise in the Canadian dollar compared to the US dollar will work against Vincor International’s exports business. A rising dollar will discourage other countries to import Canadian products because they now have to pay more for them. As for the global forces influencing the wine industry, globalization would have to be the main force. The falling barriers to international trade and investment have permitted Vincor international to grow their domestic market further than the United States and Mexico but also to Europe and other markets. Vincor International is therefore part of a global marketplace reaching a much greater consumer base but also leaving room for more intense competition from all the other international wine producers.

Director Xie Fei

Director Xie Fei, also known as one of the â€Å"fourth generation† filmmakers, presents this touching tale of a woman suffering as she tries to carve out a life for herself in the â€Å"Women From the Lake of Scented Souls†. The film is set in a small village in China, where it starts off with a scene of the boat moving in the river. The boat is shot at an angle as if the audiences are also part of the movie, which successfully grabs the audiences’ attention.The story is based on a novel written by Zhou Daxin, which revolves around a middle-aged woman Xiang who operates this small traditional  pa-and ma sesame oil factory. Xiang is a smart and hard working woman who has an unfortunate and pitiful life. She was sold to her handicapped husband Que at the age of 7 and married him when she was 13; they have a mentally challenged son Dunzi, and a younger daughter. Her husband is a lazy and abusive alcoholic, who leaves all the work to Xiang. Xiang’s sesame o il is the finest in the region, which it even attracts the Japanese investors’ eye. Xiang explains how the specialness of her sesame oil must be because of the mysterious story  of the two girls who drowned themselves love.Xiang’s new found wealth raises her social status in the village, which enables her to find a wife for her mentally handicapped son. With her new influence in power, Xiang pressures Huanhuan’s famiy into marrying her son. In the beginning, Huanhuan’s family refuses to marriage, but because of their debt, Xiang paid 15000$ as dowry to their family. Xiang also casted away Huanhuan’s secret lover who happens to be working for Xiang by offering the boy to work in the city and making him promise not to marry any girl in  the village these 2 years.Huanhuan’s marriage with Dunzi is just like a repetition of Xiang’s unfortunate tragedy, which fated to fail. Although Xiang’s mistake may make the audience feel less pity of her own situation but it does emphasize on how she is also a victim. Xiang’s only happiness in the movie is her affair with Ren, the transportation man, who is actually the real father of Xiang’s daughter. However, Xiang’s happiness does not last long as Ren suggested to break up their secret relationship because â€Å"they are pasted middle aged†. ToXiang, Ren acts not only as a secret lover, but more like her husband. She would kiss him first, and even talk to him for advices about Dunzi’s marriage, and because her feelings are so deep towards him and even suggested on divorcing her husband for him. Xiang and Huanhuan in this movie both walk the same fate.They both came from a poor family, and were sold to handicapped husbands. In the beginning, they had their own lovers, but were both dumped in the end. Huanhuan’s husband Dunzi is mentally challenged he treats as a doll, biting her, chocking  her, scratching her, as for Xiangâ €™s husband he is abusive and always drunk. She is just his money and sex machine. In addition, he never cares for the better of their children, or bothers to buy presents to her. Both these two women are tough and hard working, unlike the mysterious history of the scented lake, which tried to solve solutions by killing herself. â€Å"Women From the Lake of Scented Souls† is an enjoyably movie that unfolds the secretive life of rural China.Director Xie Fei has filled the movie with scenes of countryside beauty, just like the one where  Huanhuan and Xiang have a heart to heart talk by the river, and Xiang finally realizes what path she is forcing Huanhuan to take when Huanhuan saw her affair she said to Xiang â€Å" I understand that mother has her own problems†. The film starts and ends by the misty soul scented lake. After breaking up with Ren, Xiang is left crying in the moonlight by the lake as she once did 30 years ago when she married her husband. This is su ch a powerful image, as it quiets us down, and fills overwhelming sadness and sympathy towards her situation as Xiang crys silently by the bank side.In general, this movie is a great success, as it was awarded the Golden Bear award in 1993 in Berlin film festival. The female characters in this film, under director Xie Fei guidance, displays Chinese women’s hopelessness in life. It leaves the audience filled with sorrow and sympathy towards the women characters. However, some may not be able to understand the possibility of such misery in life, because of our culture and time difference, which just proves again the success of this film, as it brings the audience thinking and feeling emotionally towards the film.

Common Network Vulnerabilities Essay

â€Å"Businesses, governments, and other organizations face a wide array of information security risks. Some threaten the confidentiality of private information, some threaten the integrity of data and operations, and still others threaten to disrupt availability of critical systems† (Sullivan, 2009). Since such security risks are always going to present in the cyber world, businesses and organizations need to fully be aware of any vulnerabilities in their systems. The initial realization of any organization’s vulnerability can only first be understood through the knowledge of what vulnerability means. A vulnerability is a security weakness but not a security threat. It is what needs to be assessed in order to examine an organization’s network. One of the main network vulnerabilities facing IT managers today is the absence of encrypted data being transferred and received between uninformed users and the lack of knowledge and understanding within an organization’s internal structure. Network vulnerabilities are present in every system and with the constant advancement in knowledge, programs, and technology; it can be extremely difficult to rid all vulnerabilities in any infrastructure. Whether it is implementing hardware or beefing up software security, no one method of protecting a network can be greatly increased unless the users and IT professionals behind the update are up to speed on what is happening. To begin, all users in an organization or business need to be aware. Be aware of your surroundings. Be aware of the software that you use on a daily basis, and the information that is being passed between everyone. Security awareness in any infrastructure needs to be the center of any cyber security business program. In many respects, the challenges of implementing and managing effective technical controls pale in comparison with the difficulties in addressing organizational weaknesses, such as insufficient or ineffective security awareness training† (Sullivan, 2009). Companies that don’t provide security awareness and training are leaving open pathways into their network (McLaughlin, 2006). From an IT manager’s standpoint, companies are fully aware of the threats that their organization is faced with everyday. From a survey conducted from nearly â€Å"550 small and midsize businesses, it was found that human error was the primary cause of nearly 60 percent of security breaches during the past year† (McLaughlin, 2006). This 60 percent clearly states that the primary holes in any organization’s security remain user problems and insufficient training throughout the company. â€Å"The alarming part is that little is being done to change cultural behavior† (McLaughlin, 2006). Even knowing that the lack of education and training cause companywide vulnerabilities, changes and training continue to lie on the wayside and be less of a priority rather than a major one. The Internet is rapidly growing and evolving and people need to evolve with it. The Internet is ultimately becoming the staple for all businesses today. â€Å"Businesses from all over the world have found the Internet to be a cost effective and reliable business tool. Indeed, in the last few years, in addition to conventional business transactions, many of the controls systems (SCADA) that support national and public utilities are adopting the Internet as a core data transport method. This has resulted in businesses and societies becoming critically dependent on the continuous operation of the Internet† (John, n. ). These dependencies need to then be addressed to provide critical support for end user vulnerabilities. End user vulnerabilities need to first be recognized within a business and proper steps need to be taken to adequately train employees. â€Å"Most of the flaws that emerge in the security and vulnerability assessment realm are due to misconfigurations and poor application of corporate security practices, which points to a need for training† (McLaughlin, 2006). Businesses need to include security training and awareness; this being the first step in the correction of network holes. In my opinion, security awareness is the basis of all network flaws. Because network security is extremely important, businesses need to make it a top priority to have a network infrastructure assessment. Networks are becoming increasingly complex and by executing a network assessment it will help IT managers ensure the company’s network is operating at peak efficiency. â€Å"The vulnerability of the system depends on the state of the system itself, on the capacity of a hazard to affect this state and on the undesired consequences the combination of the hazard and the vulnerability will eventually lead to† (Petit & Robert, 2010). Known vulnerabilities of a security infrastructure require a situational awareness. â€Å"This includes knowledge of security software versions for integrity management and anti-malware processing, signature deployments for security devices such as intrusion detection systems, and monitoring status for any types of security collection and processing systems† (Amoroso, 2011). In addition to an entire infrastructure assessment, there must be companywide training classes. These trainings need to help employees understand not only the importance of network security, but also how their actions can impact everyone and everything around them. According to a Booz Allen Hamilton survey, the nation’s cyber defense is seriously challenged by shortages of highly skilled cyber-security experts† (Vanderwerken & Ubell, 2011). This poses one major issue; the people being hired to run elaborate business networks are unqualified and inadequately trained. These businesses must provide high-level in-house training programs to the experts as well as the entire workforce to ensure the integrity of internal and client systems and to avoid the cyber threats surrounding the business. Training must be provided to end users to provide overall awareness and give them the general knowledge needed to maintain the businesses integrity and a sufficiently working network. This simple, yet effective training will provide any business with a sufficient return on investment. â€Å"As long as there are cyber criminals ready to strike, your company remains vulnerable. Vigilant cyber-security training and education must be your company’s top priority† (Vanderwerken & Ubell, 2011). Even though a business can provide the necessary training through company ide programs, the biggest vulnerability in an organization are the negligent employees who don’t care or don’t want to participate in the proper security procedures. Most companies are oblivious to the fact that the most pervasive attacks on a network are caused by gullible and negligent employees clicking and opening invasive files embedded in emails and data from beyond the company’s network firewall. â€Å"Despite strenuous efforts by most companies to alert personnel to email and Internet behavior that opens up firms to invasion, employees continue to do foolish things. As more access is given to the end user by means of mobile computing, cyber-crime prevention has to be a top priority. The corporate landscape requiring protection is multiplying at very quick pace† (Vanderwerken & Ubell, 2011). Another major aspect in training is to be familiar with the upgrading of a network with new hardware. Such an update is a suitable idea but the installation and a working knowledge of how to use and implement this new technological hardware is essential. Many companies just don’t understand how vulnerable they are in areas they never would expect there to be flaws, such as hardware purchasing. Inadvertent mistakes are better avoided when consistent and specific training is given to non-IT staff regarding the dangers their everyday activity can incur† (Vanderwerken & Ubell, 2011). Taking it one step further, company wide training can only provide so much assurance but IT management also needs to be aware of the internal threats that may come from dishonest employees. Internal threats from dishonest employees are a major risk. Organizations need to keep a watchful eye on those who misbehave on internal networks, intentional or not (Beidel, 2011). Problems from the inside are often overlooked. â€Å"Hackers have been successful against firms with solid security frameworks by analyzing their employees and going after them with cleverly worded emails, also known as ‘phishing. ’ Companies have begun training all employees on cybersecurity fundamentals. No amount of technology can prevent attacks if employees are not educated† (Beidel, 2011). Phishing incidents are one of the main threats to uneducated employees. Uneducated employees are susceptible to the ‘wolves’ and become prey to the malicious viruses disguised as harmless data or programs. Phishing is one of the easiest ways for enemies to feed off of these uneducated users in an organization. It takes the user’s lack of knowledge and gullible nature and tempts them in to opening or transferring data that has potentially been tampered with. This type of attack plays into the gullibility of the users and tries to get them to open malicious documents and pass them on to create a chain effect within a company and thus cause all sorts of problems. This ultimately could lead to loss of clients and even worse the downfall of the company itself. In conclusion, every network user must be educated and trained on Internet security. It is this training that is going to lesson a business’s network vulnerabilities and provide the education needed to strengthen security gaps on a companywide scale. â€Å"Organizations must provide sophisticated training to in-house experts to ensure the integrity of internal and client systems. They must also offer instruction to their entire workforce to avoid cyber minefields surrounding us all. Simple, yet effective, training must be provided to personnel for general awareness, while graduate education is now globally available to specialists to gain the high level of expertise your company requires. As long as there are cyber criminals ready to strike, your company remains vulnerable. Vigilant cyber-security training and education must be your company’s top priority† (Vanderwerken & Ubell, 2011).

Lab four Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lab four - Essay Example They read very little from books but spend much time on Facebook and internet web pages. Some even said how they only read 42 pages for classes in a semester but write 500-page essays on mail. With 24 hours a day, they sleep for 7 hours each night. They spend 3.5 hours online, and 2.5 hours listening to music, 2 hours on a cell phone, 2 hours eating, 2 hour working and only 3 hours reading (Wesch Min. 3). They have to multitask even when they do not want to. Some will even be in debts by the time they are graduating. They even claim of how their laptops cost more than what most people make in a year. They hope to get jobs after they graduate. However, they do not get there through books. A problem affects them even though they did not create it. They believe that it is only through technology that all these will end. Q3. From personal opinion, I agree with most of the students claims. We buy expensive books that we do not use. We also spend more time online than we spend in class. Most of the teachers do not even know their students by their names. Education is just a routine that most people follow. Most of the things we learn do not even apply in our daily lives. On the other hand, I differ with the fact that most students usually think that after graduating, they will not get jobs. Some even think that it is not through education that they can achieve a better life. In my opinion, technology does not solve the problem but rather worsens it

Perception Of Nurses Regarding Self-Harming Patients Literature review

Perception Of Nurses Regarding Self-Harming Patients - Literature review Example The people that have self-harmed them are found to be devoid of the needed sympathy and care from the medical staffs and nurses on being admitted to the emergency units. Nurses tend to avoid them on account of wrong perceptions making them feel more desolate. This in turn again contributes in enhancing his or her self-farming behaviour which sometimes turns out to be fatal culminating to suicide (Cleaver, 2006, p.148-151). The paper would tend to use research based articles tends to focus on the attitudes and attributes of the nurses pertaining to the self-harming patients and also on the process of bring about attitudinal changes in the nurses involved. Further it would also endeavour in using specific statistical techniques relevant to the topic to help enhance the understanding and also cites recommendations pertaining to the issue taken. Cleaver (2006) observes that the act of self-harm constitutes such actions where the person, either a male or a female either tends to position, bruise or burn oneself. In that, the person focuses on injuring his or her own body as a mark of punishment rendered on oneself. This sense of punishment alleviates and culminates to the act of self-harm where the individual feels that such act would help him or her to regain their position in the society. More specifically, the people rendering self-harm tend to suffer from a huge burden of desperation. They, in order to evoke the sense of fear in the minds of others or to reinstate their position tend to act in such forceful manner. Observation shows, that this act of self-harm gains more prevalence pertaining to people in their teenage years and also in adults. Children, though quite rare become the silent victims of self-harm. Again, the phenomenon of self-harm is more noticeable regarding women folk than in men. Men are more prone to acts of suicide than ceasing to causing only self-harm like in women. Thus, owing to the variance reflected in the above cases the nurses working in the emergency units are required to act accordingly to render effective services. Herein, Cleaver (2006) states that some nursing staffs feel the zeal to take to such challenging assignments that includes a large amount of variations. Nursing staffs need to be trained in subjects pertaining to psychoanalytic and risk assessments to effectively function in such traumatic departments. The nurses and palliative care staffs need to understand the potency of the risk associated in dealing with such patients and

Globally relevant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Globally relevant - Essay Example Delineating Social Media from Social Networking Since this paper will be dealing with social networking, it is best to distinguish ‘social media’ from ‘social networks’. Scrutinizing the technical definition of each may be confusing but to keep it on a layman’s level and to understand more of these two concepts, it is best to describe social media as a platform where social networking is only part of the former while the latter is described to require more of self-revelation of one’s personal information (e.g. Facebook and Twitter). â€Å"Social media encompasses applications in different categories by characteristic: collaborative projects, blogs, content communities, social networking sites, virtual game worlds, and other virtual social worlds† ( Kaplan and Haenlein 59). The above is further supported by Moller as he defines â€Å"Social Media as the use of web-based and mobile technologies to turn communication into an interactive di alogue. They can be defined as a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of the so-called Web 2.0, and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content. It takes many different forms, including online magazines, Internet forums, weblogs, microblogs, wikis, podcasts, images, video, rating, social bookmarking or social networking† ( 13). Emergence of Hyperconnectivity Now, looking back around 1950’s, man realized how much he was limited to get access to information and communication. Connectivity then was only through the use of walkie-talkie radios, a wired telephone and wireless telegraphy which were only capable to serve a one-on-one exchange of communications. During the old days when there was a need to harness the public for an assembly to institute a major change, the common traditional practice was to ring huge tower church bells, or any symbolic gong, or use a loud siren heard throughout the c ommunity. Gone are the days of these practices. With this age of computers , the trend was to promote a wireless and paperless society as well as timeliness in the exchange of information, Above all, the launching of Digitization have greatly modernized world’s business, propelled the integration of information and communications technologies to the point of changing society’s lifestyles. Dramatically, there was a 360 degree turn-about change in society, government business, commerce, social behaviors and individual psyches from the time that machines began interfacing and intervening with man’s activities. The overnight success of digitization has revolutionized everything. â€Å"Digitization is the conversion of information format (whether, text, image, audio or video file) to digital format. This feature made it easier for any information in this form be preserved, accessed and shared. Instead of people going to a specific location to retrieve an original, h istorical document, the document when digitized can now be made available to people around the world† (Janssen 2013). This new feature brought about multiplier effects that â€Å"led to the advent of a new era called hyperconnectivity† (Janssen 2013). Hyperconnectivity can only be served when the

Corporate Governance & Ethics Course Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Corporate Governance & Ethics Course - Case Study Example This obsession made Bernie encourage managers to push a rise in revenue realization of the company; the manager gave less consideration to whether capital investments would overshadow the short-term returns from the projects of the company. As business operations deteriorated in the 1st quarter of the year 2000, the company’s revenue also declined thus affecting the already set E/R ratio. CFO Sullivan applied the following accounting tactics to achieve the desired performance of the organization: 2. Expense capitalization: Sullivan formulated an excellent getaway plan where he began identifying current expenditures of surplus network capacity as longterm expenditure rather than current expenses. Earnings management is approaches applied by the manager of a particular organization to intentionally alter the company's earnings so that the end result matches a pre-determined objective against the reality. This exercise is conceded out for the resolution of income smoothing. Instead of having a prolonged period of high earnings which may later be followed by a poor performance of the company the management may choose to try to keep the figures relatively stable by adding and removing cash from reserves. This will show how, over a certain period, the company has performed. Abusive or fraudulent reporting is considered by the S&EC to be "a substantial and deliberate distortion of financial results". In the event of income smoothing becoming extreme, the Securities & Exchange Commission may issue fines against the organization. The internal audit department was supervised by Cynthia Copper; the internal audit department was expected to report directly to Sullivan. Struggles by Cooper to obtain more information concerning WorldCom’s capital expenditure and accruals were with no success. Andersen’s the external auditor was offered restricted access to the bookkeeping records.  

Learning Plan Outcome Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Learning Plan Outcome Report - Essay Example Patient assessment skills in the area of emergency nursing are important for several reasons (Sbaih, 2001). The most important of them is gradually increasing patient loads and increased waiting time. Nurses may segregate patients needing immediate attendance by being able to identify the patients with serious problems. This also fulfils two graduate qualities of the nurses, which are ability to apply knowledge in real situations and ability to identify the methodological and substantive limitations of the field and to apply a disciplined mode of enquiry in practice. To be able to apply nursing assessment skills in the patients with TIA needs ability to execute a detailed central nervous system examination to know whether the patient is progressing towards CVA. This is a changing situation in the patient's clinical status which can be determined through a thorough clinical examination. This clinical information must be located, evaluated, managed, and used in the clinical context of the patient's condition. It is evident that the clinical skill of the nurse in this context will be limited, and an accurate assessment of learning will imbibe this point (Schriver et al., 2003). This means this would also involve the capacity to evaluate current knowledge. In the real clinical scenario of the Emergency Department, this means an independent demonstration of the skill, and therefore, it means taking the responsibility for learning development. In order to reach a diagnosis which would classify the urgency of the patient means responding confidently to changing clinical scenarios in a flexible and adaptable manner, and a critical thinking approach would develop through this which would also promote sustenance of intellectual interest for further learning (Hageness et al., 2003) Product Information Fact Sheet on Clinical Assessment of TIA and CVA in the Emergency Nursing Q1. What is TIA Ans 1. TIA or transient ischemic attack is a state of transient deficiency of cerebrovascular blood supply leading to alterations in vision or speech, dizziness, weakness, a sudden fall, or a temporary paralysis on one side of the body. Usually, this is reversible, but calls for a detailed neurological examination to rule out any permanent neurological deficits (American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, 2004). Q2. What is CVA Ans 2. CVA or cerebrovascular accident is also known as stroke or brain attack. By definition, it is occurrence and persistence of neurologic dysfunction for more than 24 hours as a result of disruption of blood supply to the brain in an irreversible manner (American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, 2004). Q3. How does CVA occur Ans 3. Most of the CVAs are ischemic. About 30% of these patients may have hemorrhage within the brain to be attended, supported, admitted, and managed immediately for higher mortality and morbidity. Thus, in the emergency nursing area, it is important to identify the categories of these patients so appropriate management can be provided (Hickey, 2004). Q4. What are the other associated conditions in these patients Ans 4. TIA or CVA originates from diseases of the blood vessels. In some patients the associated heart disease is the cause of TIA or CVA. Hypertension is commonly associated with most of these cases. While assessing a patient with CVA, it is to be remembered that many

Economic Growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economic Growth - Essay Example Other countries like the US have been fortunate to have a series of good leaders to take the country to the apogee of technological advancement and economic growth where they are today. History provides many examples of such countries and their leaders that have played a fundamental role in their economic growth and have brought a radical change in the nations’ fortunes. The decade following the new millennium’s turn is marked by the BRICS countries’ emergence and economic empowerment. These countries include â€Å"Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa—which have come to account for a significant share of economic growth, demand expansion, industrial production and wealth creation in today’s world† (â€Å"Structural Change, Poverty† III). These regional economic powers’ success in the achievement of sustained growth of economy serves as a point of reference for other developing countries to emulate as wel l as for the advanced counrties to regain the dynamism of economy. The pace of a country’s economic growth can be better explained by the policy choices of its leaders than underlying structural conditions, and China provides a potential example of that. ... The three phases are discussed as follows: Rule taking phase China’s leaders have been very cautious in litigation of WTO since the country’s accession in 2006. Owing to its lack of familiarity with WTO’s legal rules in the capacity of a newcomer, China placed emphasis upon grabbing the rules rather than winning any disputes. Aimed at avoiding litigation, the Chinese leaders would settle the disputes with the complainants immediately after the cases were filed even if they were capable of using good arguments to defend their position. An example of this is the settlement of the dispute within four months when in March 2004, the US wanted to consult about a matter involving value-added tax’s rebate over integrated circuits (Gao). Likewise, the government of China announced to scrap the Duties of Anti-dumping within three days of the complaint raised by the US about China’s lack of consistence with the Anti-dumping Agreement in the case of Kraft Liner board in the year 2005 (Nakagawa 48). China’s eagerness to settle the disputes and flexibility of attitude reflect the country’s presence in the rule taking phase in the start of the 21st century. Rule shaking phase Chinese leaders resolved to develop a better understanding of the dispute settlement process by actively participating as a third party in real WTO cases. For instance, China was present as a third party in nearly every panel between 2003 and 2006 (Birkbeck 168). The improved confidence reflects from the answer of Bo Xilai, the Minister of MOFCOM when he was asked if there was any intention of complaining against the countries that were limiting the textile exports of China in the WTO, â€Å"First, China has the right to

The U.S. energy crisis in the 1970's Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The U.S. energy crisis in the 1970's - Assignment Example Americas advanced consumer society (consumerism) produced the social movement in environmentalism.1 This had prevented oil and gas exploration in pristine wilderness areas of America which made the country more dependent on foreign oil sources, after becoming a net importer of oil for the first time, when it was once a leading oil producer. This made America particularly vulnerable to foreign political shocks, such as the Arab oil embargo in 1973. Foreign oil supplies were again unexpectedly disrupted by the Iranian Revolution in 1979. American cars prior to the energy crisis were gas guzzlers (not fuel-efficient) as Americans got used to having a big car, when oil supplies were previously cheap and plentiful. President Jimmy Carter by then tried to introduce the â€Å"moral equivalent of war† against energy waste while trying to develop the rational national energy plan but the concept of alternative energy was just a nascent idea then.2 The government had implored people to reduce energy use, such as setting the speed limit at 55 miles per hour and turning off unnecessary electric lights, like not lighting their Christmas trees.3 But perhaps most importantly, people had not yet grasped the full importance of the concept of â€Å"peak oil† which means oil supplies will continue on an irreversible downward trend forever.4 It simply means people cannot continue using oil like they did before, as supplies are running out; people need to find alternative energy sources which are environment-friendly too. Moreover, the social movement of environmentalism had some extremist advocates, who did not want any type of exploration activities at all; the idea of conservation did not appeal to them (the wise and prudent use of natural resources) and all they want is complete

Industry Trends and Issues Report (Tourism and Hospitality Issues ) Lab

Industry Trends and Issues (Tourism and Hospitality Issues ) - Lab Report Example This provides an excellent opportunity for the emerging nations like South Africa, to develop and project their countries as popular tourist destinations. The Republic of South Africa, situated at the southern tip of the African continent is home to some of the most spectacular places and rich and varied spectrum of flora and fauna. The country, which is considered to be the third most bio – diverse country in the world, hosts a large variety of living wealth2. It offers most exotic travel destinations and caters to a wide range of tourists that enthralls them with its stunning coastal towns of Hermanus, Cape Town, Knysna, and Durban, and mountaineering in Hogsback as well as Drakensberg. The Cape Winelands offers world class wines while the Kruger National Park attracts tourists with its wild life safari packages. It was recognized as one of the developing world’s Ten Best Ethical Travel Destinations in 2008 Ethical Traveler Report3. The existence of a rich bio diverse environment, scenic locales and breath taking views coupled with its increasing popularity as the most favorite emerging travel destinations are indicati ve of a positive wave of tourism culture which can be exploited and nurtured through proper planning and implementation of measures to support such large influx of travelers in order to encourage and sustain its image as tourism destination of choice. This report is prepared by our organization, XYZ ltd (an independent private research organization), to be presented to the TBCSA – Tourism Business Council of South Africa. With more than 10% of the country’s resources protected by conservation regulations, it has a vast expanse of unblemished land which is rich in bio – diversity, abundant wild life, a large variety of flora and fauna as well as vibrant and culturally diverse cities. This however, has been met

Learning Framework Essay Example for Free

Learning Framework Essay 1. I want my family to be proud of me. 2. I want to earn my degree in Network Management. 3. I want my children to be encouraged to stay in school and not quit. The reason I choose the three I did was because I have always felt like I could never do right in my family’s book. I am an unwed mother of five children and I have been ridiculed for that. I have always failed where my family is concerned. I figure going to school and making me better would help to fix that. I choose my degree in Network Management because I love computers and I am very good with them. I have a desktop that I built from the ground up and that is what also helped me decide this degree. When it comes to my children, I do not want them to quit school at a young age like I did and the years later figure out that they cannot get a job without a High School Diploma or a GED. I want them to get their careers out of the way before they have children so that they can have a secure future and not be struggling like I have for years. College for me is not only for me, but my children also. I want them to know that if I can do it, they can do it. I always tell them you can be whatever you decide to be in life. Having an education plays a major role in that I believe.

Developing Strategic Management and Leadership

Developing Strategic Management and Leadership Management is the group of people who make decisions on how the business can be run and profitable in all dimensions of the organizations or company according to Gold (2010). In fact, these individuals who are involved in the decision making of the organization and are called the management are responsible and accountable before the strategic leadership in the organization. The second definition that can be given about the management is the initiative and maintenance of an investment portfolio in the business organization in all the ways to success achievements according to Harrison (2002). This is the management in which the organization deals with dealing of matters in different sectors for improving the productivity and profitability in every area of the business of the organization. LEADERSHIP: Johnson (1992) opines leadership is quality or art of influencing others or motivating a group of people to the task in order to achieve the goals in the business organizations. Leader is the one who holds the qualities of the leadership and is also the person who inspires others and directs them to do something extraordinary for common goals. People not only follow the leader but they also do that willingly and happily. True leader takes his/her people with and step forward with the great morale and team spirit. LINK BETWEEN LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT: Bill Gates is the leader and pioneer of Microsoft Inc, but he is not a manager. This statement shows the position of the leader and the manager. The manager must have the leadership skills but on the contrary for the leader it is not compulsory to have the managerial skills as these skills are important for the leader but the vision is the goal of the leader but the manager works for targets and tasks for the specific time period and for the certain period of time. Leadership and management both are important in the organizations or even in the industries. Leaders are welded to the performance and it is also the duty of the leaders to increase the productivity in different sectors of the organization. Management with good leadership qualities and the leadership with managerial competencies is the demand of the organizations around the globe. Task 1.2 Analyse the impact of management and leadership styles on strategic decisions. IMPACTS OF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP STYLES ON DECISIONS: Dynamic leadership always does its best to influence the environment and the environment is the situation in which the decisions are to be taken as the needs arise in the organizations. There are different styles of management and leadership in the business world. PARTICIPATIVE MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP STYLE: Kouzes (2008) states that the participative leadership and management style are open and flexible manner of management where employees have the prominent decision making role in the organization and the participation of the employees is considered as the asset of the organization. So this is very important factor in decision making of the organizational setup. This style is very much appreciated in progressing and growing organizations. Employees feel responsible and honoured by the leadership which boosts the morale of them in order to complete the tasks of the organization. This leadership style helps in the organization in decision making and when this style is applied, the team work and dignity of the employees come forth and they become more and more productive. PERSUASIVE LEADERSHIIP AND MANAGEMENT STYLE: Megginson (2003) opines the Persuasive leadership style is all about the quality of the leader in which the leader convinces people around him/her in all the effective ways to achieve the goals of the organization. This style is not possible if the leader fails to convince other people. Persuasion is the essential proficiency for all the leaders as they take people to the level where they can perform their best and be more and more productive in the organization. The ideas and approaches of the leader must appeal the people around the leader for the common goals and objectives in the organization. This style can develop the unity in the organization and the employees and if the decision is take by the agreement of the employees then it increases the accountability in the employees in the organizations. Evaluate how leadership styles can be adapted to different situations. IMPLEMENTATIONS OF THE LEADERSHIP STYLES IN DIFFERNT SITUATIONS: Both of the styles stated above are the need of any progressing and developing organization around the globe. Which one is suitable for the organization, depends on the situation from which the organization is passing through. Most of the bureaucratic organizations being the strict in the rules and regulations make the employees feeling bored and the work becomes just and obligation and burden for them to hold. People lose their creativeness and become like the robot and just commitment becomes a burden for them. These situations give birth to the less productiveness and profit as well. If in this situation the leadership decides to give the chance of participation and cooperation and promote team spirit then the employees come to know that they are not just the machines but the human beings and everyone is unique and precious in the way he or she is. Everyone in the world has some hidden qualities and the only thing is to give that particular one chance to show what that person has what should be considered while taking the decisions of the different department of the organization. As this is simple and effective so the organizations must follow these styles. Now the persuasive is the manner in which the employees might come to know that they are special because the leadership will persuade the employees or staff with the highly professional and reasonable way. So the persuasive and participative both the styles go together in the organizations have the situation in which people feel being bored. 2.1 Review the impact that selected theories of management and leadership have on organisational strategy in your chosen organisation. MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP THEORIES: Leadership skills are the essentials for the leadership in any business organization. If the organizations promote the leadership development methods then the success is obvious and there is no way that the situations may come in the pace of success. There are different leadership theories by which the effectiveness and need of the leadership become more and more essential. The few of the theories are given below to clear the picture of leadership in organizations. SITUATIONAL THEORY: This theory states that leaders everywhere behave in the certain way of their leadership which depends upon the situation of the time and the scenario of the company. Moon (2000) opines there can be different situations in which there might be possible leadership behaviour but these behaviours also depend on the situation of that specific time period. In the organizations, this theory is very popular and effective because it goes with the flow and need of that particular time and the best decision is the decision that is done according to the time and demand of the organizations. CONTINGENCY THEORY: This theory has very close resemblance with the first theory (Situational Theory) and this theory is all about the alternatives and options in order to deal with the problems that come in the way of the success in any dimension of the organization. Mumford and Gold (2004) state leadership must have answer to every question arises in the growth and this is only feasible and possible when the contingency theory is applied in the organizations. Tesco Plc has high rate of such a dynamic leadership which always have alternatives and options as well as the answers to the questions that come in the situation of the danger or need of the organization. PARTICIPATIVE THEORY: Treasy (1998) opines the participative leadership and management style are the open and approachable manner of supervision of the organization and the monitoring with the passion and comforts is really seen in this leadership theory. Everyone in the organization feels pride and honoured to be involved and get their precious opinions be answered in the company really appreciates them. So this theory is very important when the employees feel burden while working in the organization. Tesco plc is promoting this theory in every departments and gives right to all of its employees to take part in new strategies and planning as everyone has got the right to comment and give suggestions and drop their precious opinions in writing form and the suggestion boxes everywhere in the stores. TASK 2.2: CREATE A LEADERSHIP STRATEGY THAT SUPPORTS ORGANIZAITONAL DIRECTION: INNOVATIONS IN THE ORGANIZATION: There are different strategies that give the direction to the organizations. One of them is the INNOVATION that is very effective and the most important factor of the organization. Every organization has to develop the creativeness that develops the innovation. This strategy is the unique and potential strength of the organization. Gold (2010) opines the process in which an idea of any individual is translated into a good or service for what people would love to pay and give attention. Companies or organizations have special people who are supposed to do create and bring new ideas in the form of innovation and these creative and innovative leaders are the real assets of any developing organizations. HUMAN RESOURCE IN ORGANIZATIONS: Human resource is one of the most effective departments in the organizations that direct the organization in the way of growth and development. There are different human resource activities that are performed by this department in the organizations. Human Resource Management deals with different issues in the companies, some of them are the most important because of their need and necessity in the organizations. Human resource is the vast department that organizes the major issues in the organizations. The first activity of the human resource is the Recruitment and Selection in the companies. Harrison (2002) opines that the in the recruitment the duty of the HRM is in various sectors. Firstly, it publishes or advertises the need of the organization or the companies as the vacancy comes in them. This is also the duty of the HRM to contact with the recruitment agencies for the better selection of the candidates in the companies. After the ads the term comes when the candidates come to the recruitment section and the interviews take place, if somebody passes the interview then it is the chance for that candidate to go further and get the training to join the organization for the post he has applied or for the post the admin believes that the person can perform well according to the capability of the candidate. This is the very important aspect of the companies. If the right people are not coming in the companies then it will be impossible to have more and more innovative ideas in the companies. From the very first stage to the ending stage the HR plays the significant role in bringing the right people in the companies. The second activity the HRM is the Performance Management which is simply the encouragement of the employees. Johnson (1992) states the performance management is the criteria to check the performance of the employees and then to bring the unity and uplift the morale, there should be the regular behaviour of the appraisals and the rewards by the companies. The companies do their best to have such an opportunity to arrange the reward system in the organizations. This is very important that the companies can only help the employees if they are the showing their excellent performance in their duties and their responsibilities. Performance of the employees decides who the next for the reward and the encouragement is. Performance management is the main factor in the organizations in the term of reward system of the employees. In the Tesco Plc, both of these strategies are implemented in order to direct the organization on the way of success and development in all the stores and branches around the globe. TASK 3.1: USE APPROPRIATE METHODS TO REVIEW CURRENT LEADERSHIP REQUIREMENTS: GLOBALIZATION: Moon (2000) states Globalization is the system of the interaction among different countries of the world and the purpose of this interaction is to develop the global economy. This unique economy building system refers to the integration of economists and societies around the globe. This also covers the technological, economic, cultural and political exchanges in the organizations and the communications, infrastructure and transportation is also the fruit of this globalization. There are two types of integration. The first one is called Positive and the second is the Negative integration. The positive integration is used to aim at standardizing international economic laws and policies. In this the countries have their own policies on their tariffs. In the negative integration, Mullins (2010) states negative integration is the breaking down of trade barriers of protective barriers or protective barriers such as tariffs and quotes. EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION: Different economists gave their different opinions about the effects of the globalization. There are different changes that can be identified through the globalization. The first effect is the improvement of the international trade. There are more and more countries in demand of the products. Second effect is the technological progress which is because of the demands from the customers throughout the world. Third one states the increasing influence of multinational companies, the companies that have their own subsidiaries in various countries is called the multinational. This is the third effect of the globalization in the business world. Then the fourth one is power of the WTO, IMF and WB. Globalization has these prominent effects everywhere in the world. INTEGRITY LEADERSHIP: Treasy (1998) states the integrity leadership is the best tool of getting the trust of the employees and involve them from their heart and prove themselves as the role model for all the employees around them. This is very important in the organizations to have integrity among the staff so that the environment remain calm and beautiful full if dignity and commitment. Both of these methods of the requirements of the leadership in the organizational positions and every progressing organization needs to prove that they are rich in terms of their globalization and integrity in all dimensions. TASK 4.1: PLAN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP SKILLS FOR A SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT: ON THE JOB TRAINING: The firs development method is ON-THE-JOB TRAINING which is one of the effective development methods in the companies. Mumford and Gold (2004) state that the process of the on the job training is to arrange and the purpose is to enhance the abilities of the employees in the corporate settings of the organizations. The environment in the organization is suitable for the employees and as well as for the leaders to teach and for the employees to learn and understand the guidelines given by the authorities. There are the reasons that make the on the job training important. In this the leaders demonstrate the presentations which encourage the trainees to get the idea and after that there is the element of the coaching in which the relationship becomes strong and the trainees learn in a beautiful way. In the trainings, the employees can even get the understanding to get the appropriate knowledge about the other departments in the companies. ORGANIZATIONAL LEADERSHIP: The second development method is the Organizational Learning which is learning method in the organization which is highly appreciated and required. Mullins (2010) states that the organizations that influence the employees on the regular bases with the knowledge and information. Organizations that promote the practice of the learning are the learning organizations and these learning organizations are run by the HRM because the humans are the main assets in the HRM. So the department does its best to empower the employees with the skills and knowledge. TASK 4.2: REPORT ON THE USEFULNESS OF METHODS USED TO PLAN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP SKILLS: DEVELOPING LEADERSHIP VERSUS RECRUITING: Planning and Development methods are explained in the above paragraph. Mullins (2004) opines that the advertisements help the readers to know the vacancy in the companies and the leadership in the organizations also receives the right selection of the employees. This is the first planning method in the recruiting and the effectiveness can be measured with the results or the achievements done by the companies after the exact staffing in any organization. The next is the online recruiting process in the companies. Megginson (2003) states there are the recruitments which are undertaken with the help of the online recruiting processes. These kinds of recruitments are called the external type of the recruitments. But the other type of the recruitment is the internal and the internal recruitment is the exchanging and the promotions and then the filling of the vacant places in the companies. The effectiveness of the recruitment and selection is monitored and done by the HRM and the results can be seen in the form of the dynamic leaders that are brought every year in the companies by the leadership planning methods. In the development of the leadership there are two methods. The first one is the on the job training and this method is very impressive and authentic in the companies. If the trainings are given on the job then the employees can learn better and be the best part of the organization. The second one is the organizational learning. There must be the organizations which encourage the idea to make the flexible environment for the employees to get the valuable information and then become the dynamic leaders of the companies. Both of these methods are very important and effective in every situation of the organizational learning processes. TEXT BOOKS REFERENCES: Gold, G. (2010). Leadership and management Development. London. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Harrison, R. (2002). Learning and Development, London. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Johnson, K, B. (1992). Business Bureaucracy, How to Conquer your Organizations worst enemy, London. The McGraw Hill Companies. Kouzes, J. (2008). The Leadership Challenge. 4th Edition. London. Jossey-Bass. Megginson, D. (2003). Continuing Professional Development, London. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Moon, J. (2000). Reflection in Learning and Professional Development, Theory and Practice, Manchester. Routledge Falmer. Mullins, L. (2010). Management and Organizational Behavior. 9th Edition. London. Prentice hall. Mumford, A. and Gold, J. (2004). Management Development. London. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Treasy, D. (1998). Successful Time Management in a week. Hodder. Stoughton.

Culture Difference Between China And Japan Cultural Studies Essay

Culture Difference Between China And Japan Cultural Studies Essay In western peoples point of view, the Asians look at Asian would be like insiders, because the geography is closed, they are Asia. Moreover, western think Asians appearances almost are the same. There are forty-eight countries in Asia, different policies, different religions, and different language. I agree with the researcher who advocacy of a multi-level and multi-perspectives to analyse cross culture. (Tung, 2007) When Asians look in their own country, although there still have some difference among different region, but in generally they have a lot of common points. When Asians look in Asia, but not look in their own countries. Mostly Asians will feel unfamiliar as western people to look at Asia. In this essay, I plan to take China and Japan as an example to analyse. I think these two countries are nearby to each other, and even the character of Chinese and Japanese has several same parts. Economic globalization made all of the countries could not exist to grow up respectively. Due to the globalisation process, China and Japan had being enhanced the cooperation activities in the past 30 years. There are more and more multi-national company comes out. Certainly, cross cultural management became a significant issue now. Some researchers believed in that during the globalisation process could make the difference culture integrate in the future. (Tung, 2008) In another words, each countries culture would diminish, and absorbed the other popular culture. After many decades, the whole world only has the popular culture exist. However, Hofstede believed that national culture will still be stable. (Tung, 2008) Many regions culture has being grown thousands of years, they should be stable. I partly agree with the previous points, I think the degree of traditional culture impact has been changed indeed. In another word, some parts of national culture will diminish, by contrast, some parts still be stable existed. In addition, some new culture has being absorbed as time goes on. In addition, I agree with the researcher who advocacy of a multi-level and multi-perspectives to analyse cross culture. (Tung, 2007) In this section, I would like to introduce definitions, which are relevant to the cross cultural management. Terence (1995) concluded that culture has been defined as the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category (it can be a nation, region, a social class, and so on) of people from another. In another words, culture could be anything, which can influence humans behaviours and conceptions. In addition, the management has been defined as getting common goals done through other people. (Hofstede, 2007) Then, I am going to combine these two definitions. Cross culture management could be defined as to get common goals done through other people, which constrained by different categories (it can be a nation, region, a social class, and so on). And now, I explain why I use the definition of culture to instead of cross culture. In my point of view, even in the same region, the culture is difference. As I said before, culture could be anything relevant to peoples thinking. Therefore, different people would have their own background. When a manager plan to manage different individual, no matter whether they are the same nationalities. It can be called cross culture management as well. However, the previous theories looks like an extremely point. In this part I would like to analyse some point about Japanese and Chinese. As a Chinese, I think when a Chinese want to ask for a leave to their leader. They always use family problems as an excuse, because this way could increase the percentage of permission. If leader refuse the family issue, which looks like less bowel. When the colleges ask you to borrow some money, if you choose yourself problem as an excuse, it seems a little bit direct. Therefore, Chinese prefer to choose the indirect way. By contrast, Zhang ¼Ã‹â€ 2009) illustrated that there is few percentage Japanese would like to use family issue as an excuse to reject some business request. By contrast, in China people usually to use family as an excuse. I think the source of the difference is that privacy issue in Japanese conceptions are more serious than Chinese. In Japanese opinion, they would like to separate works and family problems. Due to the special relationship among Chinese, in a same company, the Chinese co lleges might recognise other colleges family members. Moreover, among mostly family member, probably they know each other as well, especially in small places. In addition, in Chinese culture, when you accept a gift, youd better to open it with your friend, and show your surprise. Generally speaking, you should make your friend know you are like this gift. In my own experience, I always open a gift with my friend, because I think this could your friend and you know each other again. Tong (n.d.) pointed out that certainly, if I didnt like this gift at all, I will use a indirectly way to express my feeling, such as, the package is beautiful. However, in a research reported that when a Japanese give you a gift, youd better do not to open it till Japanese leave. In this case, Japanese shows indirect way, and Chinese present directly. Yao, (2008) figure out that throughout the Japanese history, which had recorded by written, the caste always existed. Although recent years Japan was westernization, but they are still influenced by a deeply hierarchical society. Even if in China, such an ancient civilization country with 5000 history, but this deeply hierarchical condition only met in feudal society and slave society present by Yao in 2008. I think the deeply hierarchy in Japaneses society is one of the reasons of Japanese is a cockerel, even in the peace period. According to the history record, China had a lot of war experience. In the Qing dynasty, the last dynasty in Chinas modern period, I think those emperors thought China was a great country, theyd like to self-sufficiency. Therefore, in that long period, China seems stop to develop, and didnt expand the emperors power too much. Meanwhile, Yao (2008) also make another point that in recent decades, Japanese never stop to develop. I speculate the reason should b e Japanese always feel unsafely. Therefore, in Americans research I found that Japan is a pugnacities nation. In my own experience, when I communicated with Japanese, I can feel their protect concepts is very strong in their mind. Moreover, Japanese as a baby, their parents will give them a strict training, which would keep a distance when parents hug Japanese babies. It is a practice, Japanese babies must hold their parents carefully, and otherwise they will tumble. This practice added a survive idea to children. I think this issue is relevant to the fighting spirit in Japanese nation. However, when a Chinese as a baby, the parents would treat them like a real baby. If they fall over on the floor by themselves, the parents will scold the floor in order to comfort children and stop their crying. Especially, when a boy baby comes to a family, the mothers parents will treat this child as treasure. Although, the boy and girl issue has being reduced in recent years, and in some countrys ide family still have. I think the treat and teach way to child is very important. Moreover, the parents are the first teacher in childrens mind. The parents activities could impact in childrens behaviour and conception in the future. However, if when a baby has a strict survive practise, I think it seems a little bit cruel. I prefer the European countries; the child can grow up naturally. There is not too much pressure to children, but children also have independent ability. I plan to deeply analyse the child issue between Japan and China, because I think this is an important element cause the different culture existed. I have to admire, the average percentage of good manner situation in the public, Japan is higher than China. The ways of educate children might be influence manner deeply. As I said before, most of Chinese parents treat their child as a treasure. Moreover, in recent years, Chinese family adopted one child policy. Therefore, the child is more precious than before. I would like to take my own experience as an example, since I came to UK to study, my mother had being contacted me every two day. Moreover, I have observed Japanese students and Chinese students. Every holiday, the percentage of students back to hometown, the Chinese are much higher than Japanese. I think this situation caused by one child policy. The Chinese parents give more responsibilities than Japanese to their children. And the children should take more responsibilities th an Japanese children as well. By contrast, I have asked my Japanese friends, they said usually in Japans families, they are more than 1 child. Therefore, they grew up with competition. They needed to compete with their brothers or sisters. They are paying attention to keep a good manner anywhere, because they are always in a competition environment. In China between developed city and less developed city or inland city and coastland city, some culture is also has difference. (Tung, 2007) In China, there are a lot of negotiations through dinner to finish. Therefore, drinking culture is a very important skill in many occasions. In many north province citizens, they think drinking can express whether you respect each other. If you only drinking a little, which means you look down upon the other people, you havent bring your sincerity. However, in the south coastland provinces, people can feel you that you have try your best to drink, that is enough. Moreover, when you do a business with coastland cities, you can present more natural way than you communicate with northern people. There are too many restrictions in some north peoples conception. For an instance, Chinese culture on familism, which causes many family do not respect female, especially in north China and some poor place. If a wife bears a girl, she has no position in the family, till a boy bear. However, this situation in developed cities has been changed, both of girl and boy they will treat as equal in family. Contrarily, in some middle class family prefers to have a girl, because they think girl will take care of family better than boy. I have asked my Japanese friends, they said the boy and girl issue is not very serious in the whole country. Certainly, it depends on the level of countries development. I think in the developed countries, the parents would have boy and girl issue concept. Even in nowadays, when people advocate freedom, but Japanese were still restricted by their formal rules. Such as, thanks to an important person, Japanese would give thanks by bowing. And when they meet eldership, they need to kneel down to show their respect. Back to the past 100 years ago, I think Chinese would do the same thing to show their respect. Wu Shu (martial art) is very famous in Japan nowadays, which can prove a fighting spirit. However, I think it can present loyalty spirit among Japanese minds as well. Although, this issue is very important in China, and I think in Chinese young generations this element has been declined. I think this point has the common source, which is the Chinese relationship more complex than Japanese. Moreover, in recent years, China has being kept the high speed growing ratio. In another word, it enhanced the inequity between rich and poor families in China. I think this point also increase the Chinese relation complex level. Therefore, the cases which are betrayed to their friends has being increased as well. It is a society situation. There are age difference causes the culture difference. (Tung, 2007) In China, the young generations would like to absorb western culture. When the Christmas Eve come, young person usually treat this day as a crazy holiday. By contrast, the older generations maybe stay at home as usual. So I think if the manger is a young generation, you can choose the western method to negotiate, because most of young people in China, they can accept western culture, they are also partly westernization in many management theories. Compared to Japan, they had being westernised many years ago. The gap between generations should be closer than China. Lets talk about business issues linked to generations issue. If a western business man chooses traditional Chinese way (indirect communication) to negotiation with young Chinese, maybe will achieve a maximum result with little effort. Moreover, a large percentage young Chinese, and who is a core manager in a company, I think the one has a living abroad experience before, so they know western culture well. Moreover, I think the Japanese organisation culture is interested. In another words, I think Japanese company are very intelligent. I would like to introduce a case study as follows to prove my opinion. Once, Japanese archipelago was hit by the strong typhoon, the disaster come very suddenly. The result of the typhoon happened is a lot of the department store losing the profit. In particular, the disaster influenced a region very seriously which was the main area was engaged in by Yaohan department store. During that time, the situation of vegetable and fruit shortage was very awful. Most of the department store companies which manage the same field made the price of stock in trade increasing dramatically whereas the Yaohan department store keep the original level of price. Compare with other department store, Yaohan did not only keep the level of price, but also try their best to snap up the consumption goods from other regions for satisfying the requirement and demand of customers. Yaohan department store did not make any profit at that moment. Oppositely, it lost number of profit because the bids of those consumptions were much higher than before. The more and more customer began to consume in Yaohan department store when they heard this information. After the typhoon, the produces to the store was return back to the original level, everything seemed to be back to the past. However, some department store are be abandon by the frequently customers whereas Yaohan department store observe those customers. This fact lead the market share of Yaohan department store increased dramatically. Meng Tian(2010) states that most of the Japanese companies focus on the requirement and demand of consumers. Furthermore, the nature disaster to the companies is a good chance to make more profit which contrast with the disaster to the consumers are a good opportunity to test which company are really consumer focused and loyal consumer. In addition, the companies have to work with as long as the consumer needs hardly, no matter decreasing or lose their profit. Therefore, those companies can pass the test to improve their loyalty, and then return for the loyalty of customers. Customer base and market share expansion is a natural thing. In my hometown, there is a famous Japanese retail super market, named Yi Teng Yang Hua Tang. Whether the people come or leave out, the company stuffs need to belt, and say some greeting words. This activities force customers must purchase more than as usual, otherwise, Chinese will feel uncomfortable. In some occasions I think cross-culture management style can be considered universal, such as respect the old and cherish the young. This tradition is popular accepted in such as Korean, Japan and China. If business men want to do business in these countries, theyd better not conflict with this tradition. Perhaps, business men should make use of this kind of traditions to enhance their goodwill. However, I have to admit that most aspects in cross-culture management cannot be treated as universal to consider. They should be separated, and based on the specific condition to analyse. Moreover, there is seldom absolutely standard issue in culture management field.

Technology’s Detrimental Effects on Communication Essay -- Communicati

Recent advancements in technology, especially social networking, have severely hindered the communication skills of today’s society by promoting edited, impersonal and staged communication. Today’s society places a high value on websites such as Facebook, MySpace and Twitter; so much so, that it is startling when someone does not own a profile on a social network. The dependency on technological communication continues to reduce the ability of today’s generation to read body language, facial expressions, and to clearly vocalize what is important to them. Technology has changed drastically in the past 50 years, and continues to grow and morph every day. Today’s youth and adolescents are seen with their heads down, texting on their cell phones, instead of looking up and conversing with the people around them. While individually, each of the components of a social networking website may seem useful and necessary, the sum of them is drastically diminishing the ability of society to function and communicate in the absence of this technology. Websites such as Facebook and Twitter allow users to update their profiles at any moment, 24 hours a day 7 days a week, and now even from the very phone they use to text. These updates are all-encompassing and can range from life changing: â€Å"I Just found out I'm pregnant!† To the mindless minutiae of ‘I just ate a sandwich.† Social Networking sites have become to go-to-website for anything you’d want to do online. Through these sites, you can contact your frien ds and family, play games, take quizzes, get help with homework, and even cruise the dating scene through ‘applications’ on some websites. Since social networking sites can replace event invitations, purchased video games, conversatio... ...eir friends and family, and to hold conversation in general. Speaking and communication skills are all affected by the constant use and abuse of networking sites, and of technology in general. English and Sexton say it in the simplest words conceivable â€Å"Every hour that is spent on a social networking web site is another hour spent alone† (1) Works Cited Baca, Jimmy Santiago. â€Å"Becoming a Poet.† Reading Our World: Conversations in Context. Ed. Robert P Yagelski. 2nd ed. Boston: Wadsworth, 2010. 387-393. Print English, Marlanda, and Sexton, Jennifer. "Counterpoint: Social Networking Websites Isolate People and put them at Risk of Predation.† EBSCOhost. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. Online. Tannen, Deborah. â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Conversation.† Reading Our World: Conversations in Context. Ed. Robert P Yagelski. 2nd ed. Boston: Wadsworth, 2010. 330-335. Print Technology’s Detrimental Effects on Communication Essay -- Communicati Recent advancements in technology, especially social networking, have severely hindered the communication skills of today’s society by promoting edited, impersonal and staged communication. Today’s society places a high value on websites such as Facebook, MySpace and Twitter; so much so, that it is startling when someone does not own a profile on a social network. The dependency on technological communication continues to reduce the ability of today’s generation to read body language, facial expressions, and to clearly vocalize what is important to them. Technology has changed drastically in the past 50 years, and continues to grow and morph every day. Today’s youth and adolescents are seen with their heads down, texting on their cell phones, instead of looking up and conversing with the people around them. While individually, each of the components of a social networking website may seem useful and necessary, the sum of them is drastically diminishing the ability of society to function and communicate in the absence of this technology. Websites such as Facebook and Twitter allow users to update their profiles at any moment, 24 hours a day 7 days a week, and now even from the very phone they use to text. These updates are all-encompassing and can range from life changing: â€Å"I Just found out I'm pregnant!† To the mindless minutiae of ‘I just ate a sandwich.† Social Networking sites have become to go-to-website for anything you’d want to do online. Through these sites, you can contact your frien ds and family, play games, take quizzes, get help with homework, and even cruise the dating scene through ‘applications’ on some websites. Since social networking sites can replace event invitations, purchased video games, conversatio... ...eir friends and family, and to hold conversation in general. Speaking and communication skills are all affected by the constant use and abuse of networking sites, and of technology in general. English and Sexton say it in the simplest words conceivable â€Å"Every hour that is spent on a social networking web site is another hour spent alone† (1) Works Cited Baca, Jimmy Santiago. â€Å"Becoming a Poet.† Reading Our World: Conversations in Context. Ed. Robert P Yagelski. 2nd ed. Boston: Wadsworth, 2010. 387-393. Print English, Marlanda, and Sexton, Jennifer. "Counterpoint: Social Networking Websites Isolate People and put them at Risk of Predation.† EBSCOhost. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. Online. Tannen, Deborah. â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Conversation.† Reading Our World: Conversations in Context. Ed. Robert P Yagelski. 2nd ed. Boston: Wadsworth, 2010. 330-335. Print

Freedom and Servitude in Shakespeares The Tempest Essay -- The Tempes

Freedom and Servitude in Shakespeare's The Tempest What is slavery? Is it an institution? A mental state? A physical state? Is it human nature? Or is, â€Å"†¦slavery is†¦an inherent, natural and eternal inheritance of a large portion of the human race† (Ruskin 307). Whether or not any one of these options is true, the fact remains that each says something about humanity. Therefore, when a play like The Tempest comes along, centering on the themes of freedom and servitude, one must look for the commentary that is thereby produced, keeping in mind that Shakespeare rarely lacked commentary. Of course, in Shakespeare’s way, there are several characters introduced within this theme. Hence, I pose the question: Who is the slave? Granted, all may embody different aspects of slavery, making â€Å"each character† the answer; but individually, each character still gives its own consideration to the topic. Following are the different possibilities of characters posing as the slave, leading to a discu ssion of freedom and servitude that is implied as a result. I will be relating the climate of slavery depicted in the play with other cultures, purely to give a frame of reference based on the general knowledge we have, given society’s history of slavery. ARIEL (since the character is gender non-specific, I will refer to him/her as â€Å"it† or â€Å"the spirit†) One of the spirits that Prospero has control over, Ariel, would be an assumed representative of servitude. The spirit’s role throughout the play is centered on the obeying of the orders that Prospero puts forth to be carried out. Ariel does have an apparent loyalty and respect for Prospero, though, which makes it easy for him to manipulate the spirit. He was, of course, the... ...n.htm. Gervinus, G.G. "The Tempest." The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc., Detroit. 1989: 304-307. Greenblatt, Stephen. Introduction to the Tempest. The Norton Shakespeare. New York: W.W. Norton and Co. 1997: 3047-3053 James, D.G. (Excerpt from a series of lectures delivered in 1965 at University College, London.) The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc., Detroit. 1989: 429-434. Knight, G. Wilson. "The Crown of Life." The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc. Detroit. 1989: 364. Ruskin, John. The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc., Detroit. 1989: 307. Shakespeare, William. "The Tempest." The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1997: 3055-3106. Takaki, Ronald. A Different Mirror. Little Brown and Company, Boston. 1993: 191. Freedom and Servitude in Shakespeare's The Tempest Essay -- The Tempes Freedom and Servitude in Shakespeare's The Tempest What is slavery? Is it an institution? A mental state? A physical state? Is it human nature? Or is, â€Å"†¦slavery is†¦an inherent, natural and eternal inheritance of a large portion of the human race† (Ruskin 307). Whether or not any one of these options is true, the fact remains that each says something about humanity. Therefore, when a play like The Tempest comes along, centering on the themes of freedom and servitude, one must look for the commentary that is thereby produced, keeping in mind that Shakespeare rarely lacked commentary. Of course, in Shakespeare’s way, there are several characters introduced within this theme. Hence, I pose the question: Who is the slave? Granted, all may embody different aspects of slavery, making â€Å"each character† the answer; but individually, each character still gives its own consideration to the topic. Following are the different possibilities of characters posing as the slave, leading to a discu ssion of freedom and servitude that is implied as a result. I will be relating the climate of slavery depicted in the play with other cultures, purely to give a frame of reference based on the general knowledge we have, given society’s history of slavery. ARIEL (since the character is gender non-specific, I will refer to him/her as â€Å"it† or â€Å"the spirit†) One of the spirits that Prospero has control over, Ariel, would be an assumed representative of servitude. The spirit’s role throughout the play is centered on the obeying of the orders that Prospero puts forth to be carried out. Ariel does have an apparent loyalty and respect for Prospero, though, which makes it easy for him to manipulate the spirit. He was, of course, the... ...n.htm. Gervinus, G.G. "The Tempest." The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc., Detroit. 1989: 304-307. Greenblatt, Stephen. Introduction to the Tempest. The Norton Shakespeare. New York: W.W. Norton and Co. 1997: 3047-3053 James, D.G. (Excerpt from a series of lectures delivered in 1965 at University College, London.) The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc., Detroit. 1989: 429-434. Knight, G. Wilson. "The Crown of Life." The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc. Detroit. 1989: 364. Ruskin, John. The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc., Detroit. 1989: 307. Shakespeare, William. "The Tempest." The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1997: 3055-3106. Takaki, Ronald. A Different Mirror. Little Brown and Company, Boston. 1993: 191.

The Mind-Body Issue in Science

Neuroscience is the study of the brain and psychology is†¦well, the answer to that question is not exactly clear.   A direct interpretation of the word â€Å"psychology† boils down to â€Å"the study of the psyche† or â€Å"the knowledge of the psyche†, but psychology does not have a definition of the psyche and, in general, they do not believe in it.   Psyche comes from the Greek word meaning soul, so the psyche is actually the study of the soul, and yet psychology today has more or less become a study of the mind, and ironic situation since neither psychologists nor neuroscientists believe in the existence of the mind. The generally held accepted view of the mind is that the mind arises from the activity of the brain.   Thus, a major philosophical concern of neuroscience is, â€Å"Does the mind exist separate and independent of the brain?†Ã‚   The generally accepted answer to this question is, â€Å"No.   The mind is an epiphenomenon that arises from brain activity.†Ã‚   In the past, efforts were made to resolve this problem with philosophical arguments such as Fredric Weizmann's ideas about genetics and embryology (Forsdyke, 1999) and Michael M. Sokal ideas about phrenology. Today, we can conclude that the mind/body problem of science has been successfully resolved despite the obvious fact that the resolution has yet to be recognized or acknowledged!   We can now take pride that the resolution to this dilemma did not result in confirming the â€Å"pervasive† 19th-century fear humans might ultimately be viewed as â€Å"mere machines† lacking souls. (Jacyna, 1994) Despite the generally accepted view that the mind is merely an epiphenomenon that arises from brain activity, more or less superimposed over brain activity, there is actually no evidence to support the idea.   To date, all of the available data, without exception, suggests that the mind and the brain are two separate but interacting ‘things'.   Whatever evidence that does not suggest this is neutral.   The evidence is sufficiently strong to have swayed diehard monists (who believe that the mind is the brain) into becoming dualists (who believe that the mind and the brain are separate). Upon a review of the available data at the end of his life, the late neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield, MD (1891 – 1976), a former monist, concluded the evidence, â€Å"†¦it comes as a surprise now to discover, during this final examination of the evidence, that the dualist hypothesis seems the more reasonable of the two possible explanations.† (Penfield, 1975)   Although the available data may support Penfield's conclusion, there are still some interesting, intriguing and difficult questions to answer such as, â€Å"What is the realm of consciousness and the mind,† â€Å"How does consciousness and the mind and the realm of mind relate to the brain and the physical body,† and â€Å"Does a mind exist independent of the brain and the physical body?†Ã‚   We can briefly address each of these questions separately. The central problem with the dualist point of view is that the mind exists as an abstraction unless it arises from brain activity.   If the mind exists separate and independent of the brain, the answer to our first question is that the mind exists as an abstract field as proposed around the 1920s by developmental biologist Paul Weiss. (Weiss, 1926)   Then, in the mid and late 1930s, Dr. Harold Saxton Burr and his associates discovered just such a field. (Burr and Lane, 1935; Burr and Northrop, 1939) Dr. Burr discovered that all living things are molded and controlled by invisible and intangible electro-dynamic fields, that he called â€Å"L-fields† for the â€Å"fields of life†.   John White and Stanley Krippner call the L-field the â€Å"‘bridge' or intermediate link between the mental and the physical†¦they offer evidence that the mind and body are quite separate†¦.† (White and Krippner, 1977) If Burr's findings are correct, it seems apparent that consciousness and the mind are electrodynamic fields that interact with the physical body.   Burr was able to make a definitive connection between the L-field and wound healing and between the L-field and the mental functions and mental states of individuals. Burr and his colleagues found that they could make impersonal, objective measurements of the mental and emotional states of psychiatric patients and that their electrical measurements generally agreed closely with psychiatric diagnoses.   Consciousness and the mind somehow relate to the brain and the physical body through an electrical connection or bridge of sorts, forces associated with and coupled to cells. (Jerndal, 1982) Finally, although the preferred view of the mind-body/mind-brain issue in neuroscience and psychology is the monistic view which states that the mind is merely an epiphenomenon that arises from brain activity, it is apparent that the mind transcends physical functions of the body, but there are concerns such as can more detailed studies be provided to determine if the mind can be associated with the L-field?   Burr, Ravitz and their colleagues provided evidence that established a relationship between nerve and other tissue and that made useful neurological and psychiatric measurements that were associated with mental functions. Therefore, they succeeded in establishing a firm connection between an abstract but very real field and the tangible nervous system.   This data provides concrete evidence for the existence of an independent mind that transcends the functions of the physical body.   Thus, it appears that the mind-brain and mind-body issue can be laid to rest.   Now, the problem is, â€Å"How to get the word out.†Ã‚   Perhaps that leaves us right back where we started, at least for now. References Becker, Robert O. and Gary Selden (1985).   THE BODY ELECTRIC.   Electromagnetism and The Foundation of Life.   New York, NY: Quill, William Morrow. Burr, H. S. (1952).   Electrometrics of Atypical Growth.   Yale J. Biol. Med., 25, 67-75. Burr, H. S. (1972).   The Fields of Life:   Our Links with the Universe.   New York, NY:   Ballantine Books. Burr, H. S., and Lane, C. T. (1935).   Electrical Characteristics of Living Systems.   Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 8, 31-35. Burr, H. S., and Northrop, F. S. C. (1939).   Evidence for the Existence of An Electrodynamic Field in the Living Organisms.   Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, U.S.A., 25, 284-288. Eccles, Sir John C. (1951).   Hypotheses Relating To The Brain-Mind Problem.   Nature, 168(4263), 53-57. Forsdyke, D. R. (1999). Two levels of information in DNA: Relationship of Romanes' â€Å"intrinsic† variability of the reproductive system, and Bateson's â€Å"residue† to the species-dependent component of the base composition, (C + G) %. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 201, 47-61 Jacyna, L. S. (1994). Philosophic whigs: Medicine, science and citizenship in Edinburgh 1789-1848. London: Routledge. Jerndal, Jens (1982).   The Field Resonance Approaching Medicine.   Text of a Paper presented at the 3rd World Congress of Alternative Medicine, Colombo, Sri Lanka 22nd October, 1982. Penfield, Wilder (1975).  Ã‚   The Mystery of the Mind:   A Critical Study of Consciousness and the Human Brain.   Princeton, NJ:   Princeton University Press. Weiss, P. A. (1926)   â€Å"Morphodynamik:   Ein Einblick in die Gesetzte der organischen Gestaltung an Hand von experimentellen Ergebnissen,† in Abhandlungen zur theoretischen Biologie, (J. Schaxel, ed.), Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin. White, John, and Krippner, Stanley (1977).   Future Science.   Life Energies and the Physics of Paranormal Phenomena.   Garden City, NY:   Anchor Books.